喷砂、喷丸可以有效地改善焊接接头的表面残余应力状态,提高力学性能。本文比较了相同工艺条件下利用钢丸、玻璃丸、棕刚玉表面强化对7B05铝合金MIG焊对接接头表面形貌、表面残余应力及疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:丸粒形状对试件表面完整性具有显著影响;喷砂、喷丸后表面形成较大的残余压应力;喷丸可使接头疲劳寿命提高,而喷砂处理反而降低了接头的疲劳寿命。 Sandblasting and shot peening can effectively improve the surface residual stress state of welded joints and improve the mechanical properties. In this paper, the effects of surface strengthening, surface residual stress and fatigue life of 7B05 aluminum alloy MIG welding butt joint under the same process conditions were compared under the same technological conditions. The results show that the shape of the pellet has a significant effect on the surface integrity of the specimen. After the sand blasting and shot peening, large residual compressive stress is formed on the surface of the specimen. Shot peening can improve the fatigue life of the joint, but sandblasting reduces the fatigue of the joint life.