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目的:探讨药物性肝损伤（DILI）的临床特征、发病趋势、基础疾病、致病药物及预后，为其防治提供依据。方法:对我院2002年1月至2015年12月收治的2 820例DILI患者进行回顾性研究，对其临床特征、发病趋势、相关基础疾病、致病药物、治疗与转归进行分析。结果:2 820例DILI患者中，男女比例为1∶1.44；年龄（44.00±16.32）岁。临床分型为肝细胞损伤型2 353例（83.43%），胆汁淤积型肝损伤353例（12.51%），混合型114例（4.04%）。在三种临床分型中，男女占比差异无统计学意义（χn 2 = 3.032，n P>0.05）；在各年龄段分组中，男女占比差异有统计学意义（χn 2 = 48.367，n P<0.001）；2002年1月至2015年12月我院收治的患者中DILI占肝病的比例及急性DILI占急性肝病的比例都呈总体上升趋势。2 820例DILI患者相关基础疾病主要涉及发热（15.14%）、皮肤病（11.84%）、心脑血管疾病（11.17%）等；主要致病药物涉及中草药、中成药类（37.49%）、抗生素（15.85%）、解热镇痛药（14.37%）等；在三种临床分型中，治愈、好转、无效和死亡不同预后差异有统计学意义（n H = 61.300，n P 0.05). However, the difference in the ratio of male to female between different age groups was statistically significant (χ n 2 = 48.367, n P < 0.001). Among the patients with liver disease and acute liver disease admitted to our hospital from January 2002 to December 2015, the proportion of DILI and acute DILI showed an overall upward trend. The main underlying related diseases of 2 820 DILI cases were fever (15.14%), skin diseases (11.84%), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (11.17%). Chinese herbal patent medicines (37.49%), antibiotics (15.85%), antipyretic-analgesics (14.37%), and so on were the main causative drugs involved, and the prognostic differences among the three clinical classifications of DILI in terms of cure, improvement, ineffectiveness, and death were statistically significant ( n H = 61.300, n P < 0.001).n Conclusion:In recent years, among the patients with liver disease in our hospital, the proportion of DILI has shown an obvious upward trend, involving a variety of underlying diseases and causative drugs, and thus it needs clinical attention.