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目的:观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)气道反应性的变化。方法:采用钟南山等介绍的支气管激发试验方法检测气道反应性(BHR)。结果:154例COPD患者支气管激发试验阳性22例(14.3%)。单纯性支气管炎94例中9例(9.6%)阳性;其中合并肺气肿者52例,8例(15.4%)阳性,不合并肺气肿者42例中1例(2.4%)阳性,二者比较差别显著(P<0.05)。喘息型支气管炎60例中13例(21.7%)阳性,明显高于单纯型(P<0.05);合并肺气肿的48例中10例(20.8%)阳性,不合并肺气肿者12例中3例(25%)阳性。结论:部分COPD患者也存在气道高反应性,喘息型支气管炎BHR发生率高于单纯型支气管炎,BHR者发展为肺气肿的机会较多。
Objective: To observe the changes of airway responsiveness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The bronchial provocation test method introduced by Zhong Nanshan et al was used to detect airway responsiveness (BHR). Results: The bronchial provocation test in 154 COPD patients was positive in 22 cases (14.3%). Among the 94 cases of simple bronchitis, 9 cases (9.6%) were positive. Among them, 52 cases were complicated with emphysema, 8 cases (15.4%) were positive and 1 case (2.4%) were positive with pneumothorax. The difference was significant (P <0.05). Among the 60 patients with asthmatic bronchitis, 13 (21.7%) were positive, which was significantly higher than that of simple type (P <0.05). In 48 patients with emphysema, 10 (20.8%) were positive, 3 cases (25%) were positive. Conclusion: Some patients with COPD also have airway hyperresponsiveness. The incidence of wheezing bronchitis is higher than that of simple bronchitis, and the chances of developing BH emphysema are more.