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本文采用队列分析方法,对四川省1985～1995年的麻疹发病率变化进行了分析。结果发现,1985～1987年间,麻疹疫苗的初种率较低(38.4%～86.7%)。这三年间出生者的麻疹队例发病率变化都呈现这种规律:1～2岁发病率较高,2岁后发病率下降,3～5岁在较低水平,5岁后迅速上升,6～7岁时达到高峰水平,此后又下降,以至最低水平。由于初种率较低,初种后留下的免疫空白较大,未经初种或初种不成功的人在4年后(5岁后)发病大量增加,造成6～7岁时的发病高峰。因此,在初种质量和覆盖率较低的地区和年龄组,麻疹疫苗复种时间可从原定的7岁提前到4岁,这对于削平此后出现的发病高峰,降低麻疹发病水平,可能有积极的作用。
In this paper, the cohort analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of measles in 1985 ~ 1995 in Sichuan Province. The results showed that during 1985-1987, the initial rate of measles vaccine was low (38.4% -86.7%). The incidence of measles cases among all those born in these three years showed the following pattern: a high incidence of 1 to 2 years old, a decreased incidence after 2 years of age, a low level of 3 to 5 years and a rapid increase after 5 years of age.6 Reached its peak at 7 years of age and then dropped again to the lowest level. Due to the low initial seedling rate, the immune blank left behind after the first seedling is large. The number of people without initial seedling or initial seedling success increased significantly after 4 years (after 5 years old), causing the incidence of 6-7 years old peak. Therefore, in regions and age groups where the quality and coverage of primary stocks are low, the duration of multiple measles vaccine resuscitation can be advanced from the original 7 years to 4 years old, which may be positive for slashing the incidence peak thereafter and reducing the incidence of measles Role.