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古今中外对于个体行为动力的研究,存在着两种对立的观点,即:个体行为的动力源于积极的人格特征,或个体行为乃是消极的人格特征作用的结果。刘劭的“欲处上”论和阿德勒的“自卑感”论,就分别是这两种观点的代表者。本文拟在阐明两位思想家观点的基础上,通过对两者的比较评析,以探求个体行为动力的实质。
At all times and in all countries, there are two contradictory views on the motivation of individual behavior: the motivation of individual behavior stems from positive personality traits or individual behaviors are the result of negative personality traits. Liu Xun’s theory of “desire to be at home” and Adler’s “sense of inferiority” are respectively representatives of these two views. This essay intends to clarify the viewpoints of two thinkers and to compare the two in order to explore the substance of individual motivation.