一、概论空间环境的主要特征是真空,空间环境并不是一种特殊环境,在与其说物质例外倒不如说规律例外的天地万物中,它是最普通的环境。几十年以前,当开始探索空间的时候,我们不得不进行一种选择:要么能够使仪器在真空状态中令人满意地工作,要么将其封装在一种类似地面的气流环境中,也就是说把它密封起来,至少美国和欧洲选择了第一种方式,也是最广泛运用的方式,这样就把我们引入了新技术概念中。 I. Introduction The main feature of space environment is the vacuum. Space environment is not a special environment. It is the most common environment among all the heaven and earth except the matter exception. Decades ago, when we started to explore the space, we had to make a choice: either to make the instrument work satisfactorily in a vacuum, or to encapsulate it in a ground-like air flow environment, that is, Sealing it up, at least the United States and Europe chose the first and most widely used method, introducing us into the concept of new technology.