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本文从理论和实验上研究了考夫曼型离子发动机的推进剂效率,给出了推进剂效率公式,发现这种离子发动机存在最大推进剂效率。在最大推进剂效率时,从引出系统逃逸的推进剂流量与输入的推进剂流量无关,与引出系统对中性原子的有效透明度和原初电子区的包络面积体积比成正比,进而得到了最大推进剂效率的相似公式,可用于预示输入流量和几何尺寸改变后的最大推进剂效率。本文还提出了由最大推进剂效率推算工作点推进剂效率的一种方法。
In this paper, the propellant efficiency of the Kaufmann-type ion engine is theoretically and experimentally studied, and the propellant efficiency formula is given. The maximum propellant efficiency of this ion engine is found. At maximum propellant efficiency, the propellant flow escaping from the extraction system is independent of the input propellant flow and is proportional to the effective transparency of the extraction system to the neutral atoms’ atomic volume and to the envelope area volume ratio of the primary electron region, resulting in the largest A similar formula for propellant efficiency can be used to predict the maximum propellant efficiency after changes in input flow and geometry. This paper also proposes a method to calculate the efficiency of the working point propellant from the maximum efficiency of the propellant.