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目的调查衢州市农村居民慢性肾脏病(CKD)的流行现状,并分析相关危险因素,为农村CKD防治提供参考。方法采用整群抽样方法选取衢州市柯城区40个村≥18岁居民,通过问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测,分析CKD患病的影响因素。结果本次共调查农村居民8 626人,CKD的标化患病率为8.87%,蛋白尿标化患病率为8.63%,肾功能下降标化患病率为0.42%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.36~1.81)、年龄(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.01~1.03)、糖尿病(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.27~2.17)、高血压(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.82~2.46)、肥胖症(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.02~1.71)、高尿酸血症(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.63~2.54)和高脂血症(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.01~1.42)与CKD患病存在统计学关联(均P<0.05)。结论柯城区农村居民CKD患病率较高,糖尿病、高血压、肥胖症、高尿酸血症和高脂血症等代谢性疾病与CKD发病相关。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among rural residents in Quzhou and to analyze the related risk factors so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of CKD in rural areas. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select residents aged ≥18 years old in 40 villages of Qucheng District of Quzhou City. Through questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests, the influential factors of CKD were analyzed. Results A total of 8 626 rural residents were surveyed. The standardized prevalence of CKD was 8.87%. The prevalence of proteinuria was 8.63%. The standardized prevalence of renal dysfunction was 0.42%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 ~ 1.03), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.27-2.17 (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.82-2.46), obesity (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02-1.71), hyperuricemia ) And hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.42) and CKD prevalence (all P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of CKD is higher in rural residents in Kecheng District. The metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia are associated with the incidence of CKD.