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一前言 12Ni3CrMoV钢是重要的舰船用钢之一,虽已定型生产多年,但对其基本特性尚缺乏系统的研究。焊接是该钢的主要施工方法。焊接过程具有加热速度快,加热温度高,高温停留时间短,冷却速度快等特点。因此焊接过程中,各区经历的热循环不同,并与所采用的焊接方法、钢板厚度、接头形式、焊接线能量以及预热温度和层间温度等工艺参数关系极大。因焊接热影响区各部位的组织转变都是在极不平衡的条件下进行的,不但各区域组织不同,而且组织的特征也不典型(与一般热处理组织相比),常会出现极为复杂的复合组织,给分析带来很大困难。
A preface 12Ni3CrMoV steel is one of the important ship steel, although has been stereotyped production for many years, but its basic characteristics of the lack of systematic research. Welding is the main construction method for this steel. Welding process has a heating speed, heating temperature, high temperature residence time is short, fast cooling and so on. Therefore, during the welding process, the thermal cycling experienced by each zone is different and has a great relationship with the welding method, the thickness of the steel plate, the form of the joint, the energy of the welding line and the technological parameters such as the preheating temperature and the interlayer temperature. Due to the fact that the organizational changes in various parts of the HAZ are under extremely unbalanced conditions, not only the regional organizations are different but also the characteristics of the organizations are not typical (compared with the normal heat-treated organizations), the complicated transition often occurs Organization, to the analysis of great difficulties.