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目的:研究正常人听觉诱发电位P50特征以及年龄、性别因素的影响。方法:从北京回龙观医院职工以及附近小区居民中选取153例健康被试,按年龄分为两组,年龄1组(<50岁)86人(男40人,女46人),年龄2组(≥50岁)67人(男26人,女41人)。使用脑电生理记录仪,采用条件刺激(S1)-测试刺激(S2)模式进行听觉诱发电位P50检测。结果:(1)年龄2组S2波幅高于年龄1组,但仅两组女性被试间的差异具有统计学意义[(2.44±1.68)μV vs.(1.15±1.09)μV,P<0.01]。(2)年龄2组S1-S2值小于年龄1组,但仅两组男性被试间的差异具有统计学意义[(1.80±0.94)μV vs.(2.73±1.93)μV,P<0.05]。(3)年龄2组门控比(S2/S1)高于年龄1组,两组女性被试间差异具有统计学意义[(58.17±42.06)vs.(31.52±31.60),P<0.01],两组男性被试间有类似趋势[(41.00±31.88)vs.(25.78±36.28),P=0.09]。(4)方差分析显示,年龄和性别对S2波幅均有显著效应(P<0.01),且存在交互作用(P<0.05),年龄对门控比(S2/S1)有显著效应(P<0.01);(5)相关分析显示,女性被试年龄与门控比呈正相关(r=0.30,P<0.01),男性被试年龄与门控比无统计学意义相关(P>0.05)。结论:正常人听觉诱发电位P50指标存在性别和年龄差别,50岁以上可能存在听觉门控功能减弱,尤以女性为著。
Objective: To study the characteristics of normal human auditory evoked potentials (P50) and the influence of age and gender. Methods: A total of 153 healthy subjects were selected from Beijing Huilongguan Hospital staff and residents living in the surrounding area. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their ages: 86 males (40 males and 46 females), age 2 (<50 years old) ≥50 years old) 67 people (26 males, 41 females). Auditory Evoked Potentials P50 was detected using the Stimulus (S1) -test stimulus (S2) mode using a brain electrophysiological recorder. Results: (1) The S2 amplitude of age group 2 was higher than that of age group 1, but the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (2.44 ± 1.68 μV vs. 1.15 ± 1.09 μV, P <0.01) . (2) The S1-S2 values of age group 2 were less than those of age group 1, but the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (1.80 ± 0.94 μV vs. 2.73 ± 1.93 μV, P <0.05). (3) The age-adjusted gated ratio (S2 / S1) in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1 (58.17 ± 42.06 vs. 31.52 ± 31.60, P <0.01) There was a similar trend between the two groups of men [(41.00 ± 31.88) vs. (25.78 ± 36.28), P = 0.09]. (4) Analysis of variance showed that age and gender had significant effects on S2 amplitude (P <0.01), and there was interaction (P <0.05) and age had significant effect on S2 / S1 (P <0.01) ; (5) Correlation analysis showed that the age of female subjects was positively correlated with the gating ratio (r = 0.30, P <0.01). There was no significant correlation between male age and gating ratio (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The P50 index of normal human auditory evoked potentials has gender and age difference. The auditory gating function may be weakened in patients above 50 years of age, especially in women.