如果说人们对目前中国的收入差距到底有多大还不甚了了的话,那么对于这种差距的价值判断则分歧很大。这也不难理解,利益分配的不同,必然导致人们对利益差距主观评价的极不相同。 从经济学来看,收入差距对效率的刺激作用具有递减趋势。收入差距的扩大,总是意味着一部分人的收入水平会相对下降(有时甚至是绝对下降)。这种“下降”,可能在效率提高的背景下发生,也可能在效率不变甚至下降的背景下发生。当收入水平下降时,若要使效率得到提高或维持效率不变,就必须满 If people are not quite sure what the current income gap in China is, then the value judgments about this gap are very different. It is not hard to understand that the different distribution of interests will inevitably lead to very different people’s subjective evaluation of the interest gap. From an economic point of view, the stimulus effect of income disparity on efficiency has a decreasing trend. The widening income gap always means that some people’s income levels will decline (and sometimes even decline in absolute terms). This kind of “decline” may take place in the context of increased efficiency or in the context of constant or even declining efficiency. When the level of income declines, if the efficiency is to be improved or the efficiency maintained, it must be full