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本研究采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)检测了大辽河口及其毗邻区域(包括大辽河口毗邻的上游河道和近岸海域)表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染水平,并对其来源和生态风险进行评估。结果发现沉积物中多环芳烃总浓度(ΣPAHs)的范围是365×10-9~11589×10-9g/g干重,平均值为3700×10-9g/g干重,总体为重度污染水平,与历史数据相比污染水平有所加重;从入海上游河道经河口至近岸海域各站位的ΣPAHs浓度分布没有明显的规律性,可能是由于不同站位悬浮颗粒物的沉降特征不同,同时在咸潮作用下导致携带PAHs污染的表层沉积物发生重新分配所致。采用PAHs组成分析和特征比值法对该区域表层沉积物当中PAHs来源进行分析,结果表明,本研究区域表层沉积物中PAHs主要为石油源污染,其次为煤等生物质燃料的不完全燃烧;沉积物污染风险评价结果表明该区域PAHs污染水平对生物产生有害效应的概率较高,需要引起相关管理部门的重视。
In this study, the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of the Liaohe River Estuary and its adjacent areas (including the upper reaches of the Liaohe River estuary and its nearshore waters) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) , And assess their origin and ecological risk. The results showed that the total PAHs concentration in the sediments (ΣPAHs) ranged from 365 × 10-9 to 11589 × 10-9g / g dry weight with the average value being 3700 × 10-9g / g dry weight, and the overall level was heavy pollution , Which aggravated the pollution level compared with the historical data. There was no obvious regularity of ΣPAHs concentration distribution at all stations from the estuary to the coastal waters, which may be attributed to the different sedimentation characteristics of suspended particulates at different stations, Salinity caused by PAHs carry surface pollution caused by the redistribution of sediments. PAHs composition analysis and characteristic ratio method were used to analyze the sources of PAHs in the surface sediments in this area. The results showed that the PAHs in the surface sediments of this study were mainly from petroleum sources, followed by the incomplete combustion of biomass fuels such as coal, The evaluation results of the risk of material pollution show that the probability of PAHs pollution in the area is harmful to the living organism, which needs the attention of relevant management department.