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利用日降雨数据估算降雨侵蚀力,以此评估降雨引起土壤侵蚀的潜在能力。通过分析湖北省及周边26个气象台站1957~2008年逐日降雨量数据,基于日降雨侵蚀力模型,计算了研究区多年降雨侵蚀力,初步分析了其时空分布规律。结果表明:湖北省降雨侵蚀力总体上呈现从东南地区向西北山区逐渐递减的趋势,鄂东南、西南较高,而西北部最低,降雨侵蚀力与降雨量分布特征类似;降雨侵蚀力与降雨量在年际变化上都呈现微弱上升趋势,1978年以来降雨侵蚀力一直保持上升趋势和2~3a的主周期变化;降雨侵蚀力的年内分布主要集中在5~9月份,占全年的77.42%,其中最大月降雨侵蚀力出现在7月份,占年降雨侵蚀力的22.3%。研究结果对水土流失预报及科学制定水土保持措施具有重要意义。
Rainfall data are used to estimate rainfall erosivity to assess the potential for rainfall-induced soil erosion. By analyzing daily rainfall data of 26 meteorological stations from 1957 to 2008 in Hubei Province and surrounding areas, the rainfall erosivity of the study area was calculated based on the daily rainfall erosivity model. The spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall was analyzed. The results show that the rainfall erosivity of Hubei Province tends to decrease gradually from the southeast to the northwestern mountainous areas, while the southeastern and southwest provinces are the highest while the lowest in the northwestern part. The rainfall erosivity and rainfall distribution are similar. The rainfall erosivity and precipitation Showing a slight upward trend in the interannual variation. Since 1978, the rainfall erosivity has been on the rise and the main period of 2-3 years has changed. The distribution of rainfall erosivity mainly concentrated in May-September, accounting for 77.42% of the whole year, , Of which the largest monthly rainfall erosivity occurred in July, accounting for 22.3% of the annual rainfall erosivity. The results of the study are of great significance to the prediction of soil and water loss and the scientific development of soil and water conservation measures.