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系统标定是基于结构光投影的主动式光学三维面形测量的关键技术之一,同时也是一项复杂和耗时的工作。提出了一种基于RGB彩色模型的系统快速标定新方法。利用一个彩色的二维平面靶标和由投影仪投影的彩色标记特征图像实现了摄像机和投影仪的同时快速标定,对靶标的每个标定姿态位置只需要拍摄一幅图像即可得到该位置的特征参数。与传统方法相比,标定过程简单快捷,所需的数据量较少。利用该方法对一个结构光三维测量系统进行了现场标定,并测量了一个平面和一个半圆柱物体,实验结果中点到拟合平面的最大距离为0.8039mm,平均误差为0.1693mm。利用该系统恢复半圆柱物体的面形与传统标定方法的测量结果符合得很好。实验表明,由该方法获得的结果准确可用,且标定速度快。
System calibration is one of the key technologies of active optical 3D surface measurement based on structured light projection. It is also a complicated and time-consuming task. A new fast system calibration method based on RGB color model is proposed. The simultaneous rapid calibration of the camera and the projector is achieved by using a colored two-dimensional planar target and the color-coded feature image projected by the projector. Only one image needs to be taken for each calibrated pose of the target to obtain the feature of the position parameter. Compared to traditional methods, the calibration process is quick and easy, requiring less data. A three-dimensional structured light measurement system was calibrated on-site using this method, and a plane and a semi-cylindrical object were measured. The maximum distance from the midpoint to the fitted plane was 0.8039 mm and the average error was 0.1693 mm. The surface shape of the semi-cylindrical object restored by the system is in good agreement with the measurement result of the traditional calibration method. Experiments show that the results obtained by this method can be used accurately and the calibration speed is fast.