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目的:比较通过筛查(主动发现)和因症就诊(被动发现)方式检出肺结核病人的疾病程度并确定肺结核的早期症状。研究对象和研究方法:在本横断面研究中,通过对结核病控制规划记录的回顾性调查确定1991年1月1日到1999年6月30日间,加拿大平原土著的结核病检出方法及其疾病程度。结果:在903名病人中450例(49.8％)为主动发现者,453例(50.2％)为被动发现者。在两种方法检出的病人中咳嗽和发热是最常见症状,上述症状 在被动发现者出现的频度更高(P<0.05),主动发现者中出现咳嗽和发热的频率为59％为19％,被动发现病例则分别为84％和47％。在两种方法发现的病例中,年龄有明显差别。在年龄≤19岁病人中其传染性同咯血、体重下降和检出方法相关,而在年龄>19岁病例中传染性则与咳嗽、咯血和体重下降相关。结论:对儿童少年病例传染性的影响发现方式比年龄更重要。经常咳嗽一个月以上以及不明原因发热超过一周应怀疑结核病。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the extent of disease in tuberculosis patients by screening (active discovery) and symptomatic treatment (passive detection) and to determine the early symptoms of tuberculosis. Subjects and research methods: In this cross-sectional study, a retrospective survey of records of tuberculosis control programs was conducted to identify indigenous tuberculosis detection methods and diseases in the Canadian plains between January 1, 1991, and June 30, 1999 degree. RESULTS: Of the 903 patients, 450 (49.8%) were active and 453 (50.2%) were passive. Cough and fever were the most common symptoms detected in both methods. The above symptoms were more frequent in the passive discoverer (P <0.05) and cough and fever in the active discoverer were 59% %, Passive discovery cases were 84% and 47%. In the two cases of cases found, there are significant differences in age. Infections were associated with hemoptysis, weight loss and detection in patients ≤19 years of age, whereas infectiousness was associated with cough, hemoptysis and weight loss in patients> 19 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of infectious effects in children and adolescents is more important than age. Regular cough for more than a month and unexplained fever more than a week should be suspected of tuberculosis.