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要以小麦光温敏核雄性不育系BS366为材料,采用卡宝品红压片法研究花粉母细胞减数分裂的细胞学变化。结果表明:不育环境下的BS366花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体和细胞形态异常现象较多。染色体异常主要表现为:染色体落后,染色体桥、染色体散乱排列,微核、染色体分离不同步。细胞形态异常表现为:二分体时期细胞质不完全分裂,细胞板不平整;四分体时期子细胞大小不一。花粉母细胞减数分裂后,异常四分体的比例为62.88%;成熟花粉粒中败育率为89.5%。推测减数分裂期间异常的染色体行为以及细胞形态可能是影响花粉育性降低的重要原因。
In order to study the cytological changes of meiosis of pollen mother cells using wheat light thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line BS366 as material, The results showed that there were more chromosomes and abnormal cell morphology during the meiosis of BS366 pollen mother cells under sterile conditions. Chromosomal abnormalities mainly as follows: chromosomes lagging, chromosome bridge, chromosomes scattered arrangement, micronucleus, chromosome separation is not synchronized. Abnormal cell morphology showed: cytoplasm is not completely split during the second division, the cell plate is not flat; sub-quartet cell size. Pollen mother cells meiosis, abnormal tetrad ratio was 62.88%; mature pollen grains abortion rate was 89.5%. It is speculated that aberrant chromosomal behavior during meiosis and cell morphology may be important factors that affect the decline of pollen fertility.