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目的了解新疆阿瓦提县公众对结核病防治知识知晓情况,为结核病健康教育促进的有效开展提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取252名调查对象,使用结核病防治知识调查问卷进行面对面调查。结果阿瓦提县公众结核病防治知识知晓率为74.37%,其中60岁以上人群知晓率为43.06%、无学历人群知晓率50.91%、城镇居民知晓率为80.74%、农村居民知晓率为71.35%,不同年龄(χ2=259.55)、学历(χ2=79.04)和户籍(χ2=12.73)人群的知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);维吾尔族人群知晓率(73.48%)与汉族人群知晓率(82.40%)差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.70,P<0.05);对我国肺结核病检查和治疗全部免费政策的知晓率为57.54%,仍有42.46%的人对此政策认识不足。结论阿瓦提县公众结核病防治知识知晓率低,今后应采取多渠道、全方位的结核病健康促进措施,进一步提高公众结核病防治知识知晓率。
Objective To understand the public knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control in Awati County, Xinjiang, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective implementation of tuberculosis health education. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 252 subjects and conduct a face-to-face investigation using questionnaire of TB prevention and control knowledge. Results The awareness rate of public tuberculosis prevention and control in Awat County was 74.37%. The awareness rate of people over 60 years old was 43.06%, that of no-educated people was 50.91%, that of urban residents was 80.74%, that of rural residents was 71.35% There were significant differences in awareness among different age groups (χ2 = 259.55), education (χ2 = 79.04) and household registration (χ2 = 12.73) (P <0.05). The awareness of Uyghur population (73.48% (82.40%) was significantly different (χ2 = 4.70, P <0.05). The awareness rate of all free policies on tuberculosis examination and treatment in China was 57.54%, and 42.46% still did not know enough about this policy. Conclusion The knowledge of prevention and treatment of public tuberculosis in Awati County is low. In the future, multi-channel and all-round tuberculosis health promotion measures should be taken to further raise the public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control.