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国债,本不是个值得过多关注的常态问题,但因金融危机的发生,这个词汇变得扎眼起来。有人甚至怀疑,它会成为一些国家后危机时代绕不过去的坎儿。一场规模空前的“国家债务危机”最近两个月又从希腊向整个欧洲迅速蔓延,即使连美国这样的世界最大债务国也有些心慌意乱。二战后,发行国债曾帮多数国家发展了经济,但最近10年很多国家的国债越发越滥,世界上不欠债的政府已经不多。西方的问题尤其严重,在经济不景气、税源有限的情况下,很多国家的政府为了讨好选民,继续举债谋求福利、刺激经济发展,根本无心偿还前届政府留下的债务。甚至有人担心,如果西方经济持续萎缩,像美国这样的大规模债务很可能成为“永远的烂账”。“世界需要一次全球性的金融监管制度改革和快速的经济增长,只有这样,各国的债务危机才有可能得以缓解。”清华大学一位国际经济问题专家如是说。
National debt, this is not a normal issue worth too much attention, but the financial crisis, the term has become salient. Some people even suspect that it will become a crippled country beyond the post-crisis era in some countries. An unprecedented “national debt crisis” has rapidly spread from Greece to Europe as a whole in the past two months. Even the largest debtor nation such as the United States is somewhat panicky. After World War II, the issuance of treasury bonds helped to develop the economy in most countries. However, in recent 10 years, the treasury bonds of many countries have become more and more abused. There are not many governments in the world that do not owe debts. In the context of the economic downturn and the limited tax sources, many governments have no intention of repaying their debts left by the previous government in order to please voters, continue to borrow money for welfare and stimulate economic development. Some people even worry that if the western economy continues to shrink, large-scale debt like the United States is likely to become “forever bad debt.” “The world needs a global reform of the financial regulatory system and rapid economic growth. Only in this way will the debt crisis of all countries be eased. ” An expert on international economic issues at Tsinghua University said.