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目的了解高校大学生传染病疫情特征,为探讨高校大学生传染病发病规律和防控措施提供依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”导出2007—2015年报告的某高校大学生传染病相关数据,用Excel 2010软件进行统计处理。结果该高校2007—2015年传染病年均发病率为47.38/万,其中男生发病率(52.26/万)高于女生(36.27/万)(χ~2=18.91,P<0.01)。无甲类传染病发生;乙类、丙类及其他类传染病中以细菌性痢疾、肺结核、乙型肝炎和水痘发病居前4位,占84.85%。3—6月和9月是发病高峰。乙型肝炎和肺结核病例除因症就诊发现外,以体检发现为主,分别占69.07%,34.20%。各年级大学生传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.08,P<0.01)。结论高校学生传染病发病特征与大学教学安排和管理以及大学生生活特点有一定关系。应有针对性地加强传染病防控知识健康教育,以及时发现和控制传染病的发生和流行。
Objective To understand the characteristics of epidemic situation of infectious diseases among undergraduates in colleges and universities, and to provide basis for exploring the incidence of infectious diseases and prevention and control measures of undergraduates in colleges and universities. Methods Data of infectious diseases of a university student reported in 2007-2015 were derived from Information System of Disease Control and Prevention in China and statistically processed with Excel 2010 software. Results The average incidence of infectious diseases was 47.38 / 10 000 in 2007-2015. The prevalence of male students was 52.26 / 000, higher than that of girls (36.27 / 10000) (χ ~ 2 = 18.91, P <0.01). No Class A infectious diseases were reported; among the Category B, C and other types of infectious diseases, the top 4 were bacillary dysentery, pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis B and chickenpox, accounting for 84.85%. 3-6 months and September is the peak incidence. Hepatitis B and tuberculosis cases were found mainly due to medical examination, accounting for 69.07% and 34.20% respectively. There was a significant difference in the incidence of infectious diseases among college students in each grade (χ ~ 2 = 16.08, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of infectious diseases in college students and university teaching arrangements and management of the characteristics of life have a certain relationship. Should be targeted to strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases, health education, timely detection and control of the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases.