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传统中国建筑是基于模数式的构造体系,其形式上呈现普遍类同的特色,而且明显地有别于以建筑形式来强调不同的社会功能制度的欧洲建筑,这已经是一种常识。丰富的历史材料证明了中国早期的家屋能够与寺庙、商店和学府分享同一栋建筑,然而,堂与亭这两种建筑式样的社会功能和意涵却存在明显的区别。通过对堂与亭的结构和意义的比较,本文详细地说明了人与建筑之间的联系是如何在传统中国社会中持续,以及宋代文人是如何通过堂与亭以独具一格的方式塑造自我及社会性的。
Traditional Chinese architecture is based on the modular structure, which is generally similar in form, and is clearly different from the European architecture that emphasizes different social function systems in architectural form. This is already a common sense. Rich historical material proves that early Chinese houses were able to share the same building with temples, shops and schools. However, there are obvious differences between the social functions and meanings of Tong and Ting architectural styles. By comparing the structures and meanings of the temple with the kiosks, this article explains in detail how the connection between man and the architecture lasts in the traditional Chinese society and how the scholars in the Song Dynasty shaped the temple with the kiosks in a unique way Self and social.