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目的对早产儿母乳喂养的强化方法进行研究探讨。方法 84例需要使用母乳强化剂且母乳喂养量占总喂养量50%以上的早产儿,按照使用母乳强化剂的早晚分为A1组(早强化组,44例)和A2组(晚强化组,40例);再按照使用母乳强化剂达到足量的快慢分为B1组(快强化组,43例)和B2组(慢强化组,41例)。分别观察比较各组早产儿的住院时间、生长情况、内脏功能运作情况以及并发症发生情况等。结果 A1组与A2组住院时间、体重增长率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且内脏功能运作情况均为良好。B1组与B2组住院时间、体重增长率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且内脏功能运作情况均为良好。A1组与A2组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B1组与B2组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论可以尽早对早产儿使用母乳强化剂,促进营养的吸收,一般在早产儿的奶量<90 ml/(kg·d)时即可;另外,在使用母乳强化剂达到足量的快慢上,应选择尽快完成母乳强化剂的足量强化,时间最好在从添加母乳强化剂的第1~3天完成。
Objective To study the methods of strengthening breastfeeding in premature infants. Methods Eighty-four preterm infants who needed breast augmentation and breastfeeding accounted for more than 50% of total feeding were divided into group A1 (early enhancement group, n = 44) and group A2 (late enhancement group, n = 40 cases); then according to the use of breast milk fortifier to achieve adequate speed divided into B1 group (fasting group, 43 cases) and B2 group (slow strengthening group, 41 cases). Respectively observed and compared the preterm infants in each group of hospital stay, growth, visceral function and complication occurred. Results There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay and weight gain between group A1 and group A2 (P> 0.05), and the functioning of visceral organs was good. There were significant differences in the length of hospital stay and weight gain between group B1 and group B2 (P <0.05), and the functioning of visceral function was good. There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications between A1 and A2 (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the complication between B1 and B2 (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Breast enhancement may be used as soon as possible in premature infants to promote the absorption of nutrients, usually when the milk yield of premature infants is less than 90 ml / (kg · d). In addition, when sufficient amounts of milk fortifier are used, Should be completed as soon as possible to complete the strengthening of breast milk fortifier, the best time from the first to 3 days to complete the addition of breast milk enhancer.