电子计算机自问世以来,以十分惊人的速度向前发展,短短几十年时间,它已经经历了电子管、晶体管、集成电路、大规模组件四代更新,目前正向第五代迈进。微型计算机技术的迅速崛起,进一步减少了硬件成本,提高了运行速度,降低了对环境的要求,加强了可靠性和适用性,同时软件技术又出现了可以实时问询的数据库系统,使得八十年代计算机在铁路的应用与五十年代相比,发生了巨大变化。应该看到,微型计算机的诞生,标志着世界新 Since the advent of the computer, it has been developing at a very alarming rate. In just a few decades, the computer has undergone four generations of updates of tubes, transistors, integrated circuits and large-scale components and is now on its way to the fifth generation. The rapid rise of microcomputer technology has further reduced the hardware cost, improved the running speed, reduced the requirements on the environment, strengthened the reliability and applicability, and at the same time, the software technology has appeared the database system which can inquire in real time, The use of computers in the railway has changed dramatically since the 1950s. It should be noted that the birth of microcomputers marks the new world