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目的 :研究新生儿轮状病毒感染的影响因素。方法 :选取2012年1月~2013年12月在我校教学医院(镇江四院)新生儿科住院的母婴同室新生儿302例,采集其粪便标本,免疫层析双抗体夹心法和酶免法(ELISA)检测新生儿RV感染情况,并对新生儿一般情况和临床资料进行收集,对新生儿RV感染的可能影响因素进行分析。结果 :302份新生儿粪便标本中RV检测阳性者62例,阳性率为20.53%,46例(74.19%)新生儿为院内感染;在RV检测阳性者中,腹泻患儿12例,非腹泻患儿50例。单因素分析结果显示,不同胎龄、出生时体重、日龄、喂养方式方面,新生儿RV阳性率差异则均具有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,早产儿RV阳性率明显低于足月儿(P<0.01);出生<7d的新生儿RV阳性率低于出生为8~21d的新生儿(P<0.01);母乳喂养新生儿RV阳性率低于人工喂养新生儿(P<0.01)。结论:RV是新生儿中常见的引发感染的病原体,新生儿感染RV的重要影响因素是足月、出生8~21d以及人工喂养,在临床上应根据致RV感染的高危因素制定有效的防控方案,切实避免新生儿RV感染率,提高其生存质量。
Objective: To study the influencing factors of neonatal rotavirus infection. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2013, 302 newborn infants admitted to Department of Neonatology, Teaching Hospital of Zhenjiang (Fourth Hospital of Zhenjiang) were enrolled in this study. Their stool specimens, immunochromatographic double antibody sandwich method and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to detect neonatal RV infection, neonatal general condition and clinical data collection, analysis of possible neonatal impact of RV infection. Results: Of the 302 neonatal stool specimens, 62 were positive for RV test, the positive rate was 20.53%. 46 (74.19%) newborns were nosocomial infection. Among the RV positive test persons, 12 were diagnosed as diarrhea Fifty children. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the positive rate of RV between different gestational age, birth weight, age and feeding pattern (P <0.01, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that preterm birth The positive rate of RV was significantly lower in infants than in full-term infants (P <0.01). The positive rate of RV in infants less than 7 days after birth was lower than that in infants born 8-21 days (P <0.01) Artificial feeding newborns (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: RV is a common pathogen causing infection in neonates. The important influencing factors of neonatal infection of RV are full-term, 8-21 days of birth and artificial feeding, and should be effectively controlled according to the risk factors of RV infection Program to effectively prevent neonatal RV infection rate and improve their quality of life.