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欧洲文坛的不少作家为我们成功地塑造了典型的吝啬鬼形象,这类形象揭示了金钱欲对人性和人们灵魂的毁灭。其中果戈理笔下的泼留希金,就是这类形象中的典型代表。作家通过再现典型环境中的典型人物,表现了资本主义发展的历史过程中,金钱作为异己力量,对人们精神灵魂的控制,展示了人们的欲望和意志被金钱的顽固力量所征服的真实场景。本文拟从历史进程、时代特征、宗教观念、作家生活经历和人性“异化”等层面,对泼留希金形象进行较为完整系统地比较分析,揭示其形象所蕴涵的深刻意义,以期对于现代社会的人们有所借鉴和警示。
Many writers in the European literary world succeeded in shaping the typical image of miser whom usher in the destruction of human nature and human souls. Among them, Gokul Ghosh, written by Gogol, is a typical representative of such images. By reproducing the typical characters in the typical environment, the writer shows that in the historical process of capitalist development, money, as an alien force, controls the spirit and soul of the people, shows the true scene in which people’s desire and will are conquered by the stubborn money power. This article intends to conduct a comparatively complete and systematical comparative analysis of the images of spilled-backs and deposits, revealing the profound implications of their images in the historical process, the characteristics of the times, religious concepts, the life experiences of writers and the alienation of human nature, People in modern society have some reference and warning.