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【目的】通过分析跨国洪灾医学救援流动医院组织建设,研究流动医院模式在国际灾害救援中的作用。【方法】对中国国际救援队2010年9月15日-10月3日在巴基斯坦特达市救援期间,流动医院相关的医疗资料进行回顾性分析。【结果】流动医院功能定位是医疗救治、卫生防疫和巡诊宣教。人员由1名首席医疗官、21名医师、2名药师、12名护(师)士、6名技师,共42人组成。医药技类所有人员均取得中级以上资格,涉及20个临床专业。携带28大类286种医疗设备和器材,以及13类278种药品。期间共诊治患者14 422例,其中内科组收治9 350人次,危重患者、疑难病会诊18例;外科组接诊病人4 072人次,开展各类手术75台,外科处置693人次。同时开展卫生防疫工作,对34例疑似、确诊传染病病人进行流行病学调查,对近1 000人进行心理学干预和公共卫生宣教。【结论】流动医院模式组织科学、功能齐备、流程顺畅、效果良好,最大地满足了救援任务的需要,是大规模国际灾害救援的发展方向。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of mobile hospital model in international disaster relief by analyzing the organizational construction of transboundary medical rescue mobile hospitals. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical information related to mobile hospitals during the rescue operation of China International Rescue Team from September 15 to October 3, 2010 in Tete, Pakistan. 【Results】 The functional orientation of mobile hospital is medical treatment, health and epidemic prevention and patrol education. The staff consists of a chief medical officer, 21 physicians, 2 pharmacists, 12 nurses, 6 technicians, and a total of 42 persons. All medical and technical personnel have obtained mid-level or above qualifications, involving 20 clinical professionals. 286 medical devices and equipment in 28 categories and 278 pharmaceuticals in 13 categories. A total of 14 422 patients were treated and treated, among which 9 350 were admitted to the medical department, 18 were critically ill and 18 were diagnosed as difficult diseases. 4 072 patients were admitted to the surgical group, 75 were operated on various types of surgeries and 693 were surgically disposed. At the same time, the work of health and epidemic prevention was carried out, epidemiological investigation was conducted on 34 cases of suspected and confirmed infectious diseases, and psychological intervention and public health education were conducted on nearly 1,000 people. 【Conclusion】 The mobile hospital model has the features of scientific organization, complete functions, smooth flow and good effect, which meets the need of rescue mission to the maximum and is the development direction of large-scale international disaster relief.