目前我国在井控过程中一般采用“四七”动作关井程序。普遍认为硬关井的优点是关井迅速,地层流体侵入量少,关井套压小,但缺点是对井口及井眼冲击震动大。软关井又会引起地层流体进一步侵入井眼,其最终结果是后者引起的对井口、套管鞋处及井底的压力增高。到底孰优孰劣,针对关井方式的选择,本文阐述了硬关井、软关井原理、适用条件和操作方法等。 At present, well control in our country generally use “47 ” action shut down procedures. It is generally believed that the advantage of hard shut-in is that shut-in is rapid, formation fluid intrusion is small and shut-in casing pressure is small, but the disadvantage is that the impact and vibration of wellhead and wellbore are large. Soft shut-in will cause formation fluids to further invade the wellbore. The net result is the latter’s increased pressure on the wellhead, casing shoes and downhole. In the end what is better, for the choice of shut-in mode, this paper describes the hard shut-in, soft shut-in principle, the applicable conditions and methods of operation.