目的了解重庆市北碚区手足口病流行特征及流行趋势,为制订手足口病防制策略提供科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对北碚区2009—2012年手足口病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2009—2012年全区共报告手足口病3 577例,年平均报告发病率为138.87/10万;发病时间集中在4—7月和10—12月,分别占报告病例总数的57.67%(2 063/3 577)和27.29%(976/3 577);病例年龄主要集中在1~3岁,占报告病例总数的71.96%(2 574/3 577);男性2 019例,女性1 558例,男女性别比为1.30∶1;男性发病率为154.45/10万,女性发病率为122.81/10万,男性发病率高于女性(P<0.01);职业分布以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,共报告3 448例(占96.39%);街道人群发病率为204.92/10万,镇/乡人群发病率为97.12/10万,街道人群发病率高于镇/乡(P<0.01)。采集病例咽拭子、粪便、肛拭子或静脉血样本共288份,检出肠道病毒225份,阳性率为78.13%;其中EV 71型95份、Cox A 16型66份、其他肠道病毒64份,分别占42.22%、29.33%和28.45%。结论重庆市北碚区手足口病发病以3岁及以下散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,持续开展健康教育宣传、加强监测、有效处置疫情是控制北碚区手足口病疫情的关键措施。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of HFMD in Beibei District of Chongqing and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD in Beibei district from 2009 to 2012. Results A total of 3 577 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported from 2009 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 138.87 / 100 000. The onset time ranged from April to July and from October to December, accounting for 57.67% of the total reported cases 2 063/3 577) and 27.29% (976/3 577). The cases were mainly aged 1 to 3 years old, accounting for 71.96% (2 574/3 577) of the total reported cases; 2 019 males and 1 558 females , The male to female ratio was 1.30:1; the male incidence was 154.45 / 100000, the incidence rate of female was 122.81 / 100000, the incidence of male was higher than that of female (P <0.01); The occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children and nursery children , A total of 3 448 cases (96.39%) were reported; the incidence of street population was 204.92 / 100000, the incidence rate of town / township population was 97.12 / 100000, the incidence of street population was higher than that of town / town (P <0.01). A total of 288 cases of throat, feces, anal swabs or venous blood samples were collected and 225 of them were detected, the positive rate was 78.13%. Among them, 95 were EV 71, 66 were Cox A 16, 64 viruses, accounting for 42.22%, 29.33% and 28.45% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Beibei District of Chongqing Municipality is dominated by diasporas and toddlers aged 3 years and below. The health education campaign has been continuously carried out. Monitoring and effective treatment of outbreaks are the key measures to control the epidemic situation of HFMD in Beibei District.