Hao Changchi,a leading thinker on political philosophy,takes on a thorough research project exploring Pre-Qin political philosophy and its enlightenment in this book,deviating from the usual route of emphasizing the separation of individual and public realms and centering only on freedom and equality.As the book's title suggests,the core issue is the relationship between human nature and political existence.Many people might define politics as an outcome of interest conflicts and negotiations,but this view overlooks the existence of concrete people.Hence,the author proposes a wholly new understanding of "political nature," which is supposed to embody an individual's moral and religious life.