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目的通过病理解剖检查,探讨胎儿和围产儿先天畸形的发生情况及临床病理特点。方法回顾性分析我院2005年1月至2010年12月438例产科和儿科的围产儿及胎儿尸检资料和临床资料,对先天性畸形及主要死因进行分析。结果临床诊断与病理解剖诊断符合率为92.00%。438例围产儿及胎儿尸检中畸形检出率85.84%(376/438),最常见为神经系统(76例)和循环系统(72例),其次为头面五官(42例)、运动骨骼(32例)、泌尿生殖(30例)、呼吸(25例)、染色体病(26例)、消化(20例)等系统畸形。其中单一畸形64.63%(243/376),多发畸形35.37%(133/376)。结论先天畸形是影响围产儿及胎儿死亡的重要因素。病理解剖检查是确诊胎儿畸形及明确死因的有效手段。
Objective To investigate the occurrence and clinicopathological features of congenital malformations in fetuses and perinatals by pathological examination. Methods A retrospective analysis of 438 obstetric and pediatric perinatal and fetal autopsy data and clinical data from January 2005 to December 2010 in our hospital was performed to analyze the congenital malformations and the main causes of death. Results The coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis and pathological anatomy was 92.00%. The detection rate of malformations in 438 cases of perinatal and fetal autopsy was 85.84% (376/438), the most common was the nervous system (76 cases) and the circulatory system (72 cases), followed by the facial features (42 cases), the sports skeleton Cases), genitourinary (30 cases), respiration (25 cases), chromosome disease (26 cases), digestion (20 cases) and other system deformities. Among them, single deformity was 64.63% (243/376) and multiple deformities were 35.37% (133/376). Conclusions Congenital malformations are the important factors affecting the perinatal and fetal death. Pathological anatomy is an effective means of diagnosing fetal malformations and a clear cause of death.