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目的探讨青春期心理障碍患者的临床特点和人格特征。方法收集中山大学附属第三医院精神科2010年6月—2011年5月期间住院的68例青春期患者的临床资料,并对青春后期62例进行卡氏16种人格因素测验(16-PF)评定。结果青春期前期(11～14岁)者6例(8.8%),青春期后期(15～19岁)62例(91.2%),家族史阳性者13例(19.1%)。疾病分布以精神分裂症28例(41.1%)和心境障碍14例(20.6%)常见,其次是脑炎所致精神障碍(16.2%)和神经性厌食症(10.3%)。男、女性青春后期患者人格均以因子O、I分为最高。男性因子E分低于女性(t=-4.151,P=0.000),而因子N分高于女性(t=2.691,P=0.013)。结论青春期后期易出现心理障碍,以精神分裂症、心境障碍、脑炎所致精神障碍和神经性厌食症常见。敏感多疑、好忧虑人格特征为易感素质。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and personality characteristics of adolescent mental disorders. Methods The clinical data of 68 adolescent patients hospitalized in the Department of Psychiatry of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2010 to May 2011 were collected. Sixteen Cardiac Personality Factor Tests (16-PF) . Results Six cases (8.8%) in pre-adolescence (11-14 years), 62 cases (91.2%) in late adolescence (15-19 years) and 13 cases (19.1%) were family history positive. The distribution of disease was common in 28 cases (41.1%) of schizophrenia and 14 cases (20.6%) of mood disorders, followed by encephalitis-induced mental disorders (16.2%) and anorexia nervosa (10.3%). Male and female postpartum patients personality factors O, I were divided into the highest. Male factor E score was lower than female (t = -4.151, P = 0.000), but factor N score was higher than female (t = 2.691, P = 0.013). Conclusion Adolescent prone to psychological disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, encephalitis-induced mental disorders and anorexia nervosa common. Sensitive and suspicious, so anxious about personality traits as susceptible qualities.