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目的分析安徽省合肥市流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行特征。方法运用描述流行病学方法分析2005~2007年流脑疫情资料。结果合肥市2005~2007年流脑累计发病330例,2005年发病率为1.64/10万,至2007年上升到2.84/10万;经实验室确诊共,其中97.5%为C群,其余为未分群;冬春季发病高峰明显,每年1~4月流行期发病数均超过当年的70%;2005和2006年发病率最高为15~19岁组(8.63/10万,11.30/10万),2007年发病率最高为0~1岁组(11.15/10万),较2005年上升了近5.5倍;2005年城市发病数占病例总数的81.8%,2007年下降到43.6%,2005年农村发病数占病例总数的18.2%,2007年上升到56.4%;共发生19起聚集性流脑疫情,8起发生在学校,其中职业学校4起。结论流脑流行病学特征逐年变化,尤其病例年龄分布特征明显,应适时调整最佳免疫策略和预防措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (MHC) in Hefei City, Anhui Province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of meningitis from 2005 to 2007. Results The cumulative incidence of meningitis in Hefei from 2005 to 2007 was 330 cases. The incidence of meningitis in 2005 was 1.64 / 100 000 in 2005, rising to 2.84 / 100 000 in 2007. Of the total confirmed cases in laboratory, 97.5% were C group and the others were not The incidence in winter and spring was obviously higher than that in the same period. The incidence in the epidemic period from January to April every year was more than 70% in the current year. The highest incidence in 2005 and 2006 was from 15 to 19 years (8.63 / 100,000, 11.30 / 100,000), 2007 The annual incidence was highest at the age of 0 to 1 year old (11.15 / 100000), an increase of nearly 5.5 times that of 2005. In 2005, the number of urban diseases accounted for 81.8% of the total number of cases and in 2007 dropped to 43.6%. In 2005, the number of rural diseases Accounting for 18.2% of the total number of cases, rising to 56.4% in 2007; a total of 19 cluster epidemics occurred, of which 8 occurred in schools, including 4 in vocational schools. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of meningitis change year by year, especially in patients with obvious age distribution characteristics. The optimal immunization strategy and preventive measures should be timely adjusted.