对人类肿瘤病因学的研究已证实,大部分恶性肿瘤是由于环境因素作用于遗传物质的结果。食管癌在华北地区高发,并有明显的家族聚集现象。李汝菁等、葛铭等对河北磁县、河南林县的食管癌进行了遗传度估算(71.8％、67.4％),结果说明在河北、河南的食管癌发病中遗传因素占有很大的作用。李光恒等曾对 Studies of the etiology of human tumors have demonstrated that the majority of malignancies result from the action of environmental factors on genetic material. Esophageal cancer in North China high incidence, and there is a clear phenomenon of familial aggregation. Li et al., Ge Ming, et al. Estimated the heritability of esophageal cancer in Cixian and Linxian of Henan (71.8% and 67.4%, respectively). The results indicated that genetic factors play a very important role in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer in Hebei and Henan. Lee Kwong-heng, etc. Once