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中华人民共和国成立后,中苏基于各自的战略利益结为盟友,开始了十余年的军事合作。苏联对中国国防科技工业的援建是其中的一项重要内容。苏联的援助,加速了中国国防科技工业的现代化进程,同时,在援助过程中,苏联也采取了诸多的限制措施。本文对这一历史过程进行了梳理和研究,回顾了中国国防科技工业援建问题的提出;从常规武器工业和战略尖端武器工业两个方面分析了苏联对中国国防工业的援建;最后结合史实的分析,提出了中苏军事合作的经验教训。
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, both China and the Soviet Union became allies based on their respective strategic interests and started more than 10 years of military cooperation. The Soviet Union’s assistance to China’s national defense science and technology industry is an important part of it. The assistance from the Soviet Union has accelerated the process of modernization of China’s national defense science and technology industry. At the same time, the Soviet Union has also adopted many restrictive measures during the aid process. This paper reviews and studies the historical process, reviews the proposal of aiding China’s national defense science and technology industry, analyzes the Soviet Union’s assistance to China’s national defense industry from both the conventional weapon industry and the strategic weapon industry, and finally combines historical facts Analysis, put forward the experience and lessons of Sino-Soviet military cooperation.