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20世纪80年代以来,随着经济全球化趋势的不断加强,企业竞争空前激烈。在知识密集、产品复杂且技术更新和规模经济显著的行业,技术水平落后于国外企业的国内效率领先企业跨国投资日益突出,这实质上属于无技术优势企业对外直接投资。国外学者以单向溢出和双向溢出为切入点,构造了不同的两国双寡头古诺模型,以解释绝对无技术优势企业和相对无技术优势企业的对外直接投资,并进行了实证检验。本文在此基础上总结了其研究成果,并做了简要评论。
Since the 1980s, as the trend of economic globalization continues to intensify, the competition among enterprises is unprecedentedly fierce. In industries that are knowledge-intensive, complex in products, and are technologically advanced and economies of scale are significant, the transnational investment in domestic efficiency leading enterprises whose technological level is lagging behind that of foreign enterprises has become increasingly prominent. This is essentially an outward FDI of enterprises without technological advantages. Foreign scholars started with one-way spillovers and two-way spillovers, and constructed different duopoly models of duopoly between the two countries to explain the direct foreign direct investment of absolutely non-technological superior enterprises and relatively non-technological dominant enterprises, and conducted empirical tests. Based on this, this paper summarizes the research results and makes a brief comment.