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中国城乡二元结构的客观存在导致资源和机会在区域分布上的不均衡,而农民流动可以视为对这种结构性不平等的回应。从这个意义上来说,亿万的“农民工”群体正是行动者主体通过各种策略改变既有结构的产物。但并不是所有流动农民涌入城市以后都有能力或意愿被城市的工商业领域吸纳,部分流动农民落脚城市后选择在异地的城郊重操旧业,保持家庭经营模式进行农业生产,与“农民工”相似,形成了相当规模的“农民农”群体,实现了流动农民的异地职业化。本文在对沪郊南村“农民农”群体进行考察的基础上,比照“农民工”的定义,对“农民农”做了相应的概念阐释。分析了其职业化的影响因素,发现个人素质、主观偏好和家庭结构左右“农民农”的职业选择。“农民农”在城郊的聚集形成了一个新型的社区,他们生活其间并通过乡土性的移植和在地化来实现社区秩序,调节各种社会关系。最后,对“农民农”的前景作出预测,认为“农民农”未来的命运取决于当地的城市化进程和地方政府对他们的治理态度。
The objective existence of the urban-rural dual structure in China leads to an imbalance in the regional distribution of resources and opportunities, and peasant migration can be seen as a response to this structural inequality. In this sense, hundreds of millions of “migrant workers” groups are precisely the products of actors that change their existing structure through various tactics. However, not all migrant peasants have the ability or willingness to absorb the city’s industrial and commercial areas after they have poured into the cities. Some peasants have settled in the cities and opted to rebuild the old industries in the suburbs and maintain the family-run mode of agricultural production. Similar to the formation of a considerable scale “peasant farming ” groups, to achieve the migrant farmers off-site professionalism. Based on the investigation of the groups of “peasants and peasants” in Nancun, Shanghai, this paper makes a corresponding conceptual explanation of “peasants and peasants” with reference to the definition of “peasant workers”. Analyzes the influencing factors of its professionalization, and finds out the professional choices about personal qualities, subjective preferences and family structure and peasant farming. The gathering of peasant farms on the outskirts of the country has created a new type of community inhabited by them and through their native transplants and geolocations to achieve community order and regulate various social relations. Finally, we predict the future of “peasant farming” and think that the future fate of peasant farming depends on the local urbanization and the attitude of local governments to their governance.