大量使用有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂可导致蚊虫产生显著抗药性。抗性产生的重要原因之一是乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对杀虫剂的敏感性下降,而根本原因是AChE基因突变。该文对AChE基因的结构特点、功能、活性位点及AChE基因改变与蚊虫抗药性关系的研究进行归纳概述,并对蚊虫AChE基因研究前景进行分析和展望。 Large amounts of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides can cause significant mosquito resistance. One of the important reasons for the resistance is the decrease of the sensitivity of AChE to insecticides. The fundamental reason is AChE mutation. This paper summarizes the studies on the relationship between AChE gene structure and function, active sites and AChE gene changes and mosquito resistance, and analyzes the prospects of AChE gene research.