目的探讨培美曲塞联合卡铂治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌的临床效果和安全性。方法选取晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌患者90例,随机分为两组,对照组43例,给予吉西他滨联合卡铂治疗;观察组47例,给予培美曲塞联合卡铂治疗。对两组患者治疗效果进行评价,并统计不良反应发生情况。结果观察组与对照组患者全部完成2、4或者6个周期化疗,对照组患者中有2例因消化道不良反应严重而终止治疗。观察组患者临床有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者疾病控制率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者粒细胞减少和肝功能损害者明显少于对照组,且不良反应发生率明显少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与吉西他滨联合卡铂的治疗方案相比,培美曲塞联合卡铂治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效更好,安全性也更高。 Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of pemetrexed combined with carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Methods Ninety patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received gemcitabine combined with carboplatin. In the observation group, 47 patients were treated with pemetrexed combined with carboplatin. The therapeutic effect of two groups of patients was evaluated, and the incidence of adverse reactions was calculated. Results The observation group and the control group all completed 2, 4 or 6 cycles of chemotherapy, and 2 of the patients in the control group discontinued treatment due to severe gastrointestinal adverse reactions. The clinical effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in disease control rate between the two groups (P> 0.05). The observation group patients with granulocytopenia and liver dysfunction were significantly less than the control group, and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly less than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Pemetrexed combined with carboplatin is superior to gemcitabine plus carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with better clinical efficacy and safety.