当前世界正面临着一场科学技术发展的变革。以电子计算机为主导的一系列新技术、新产业的出现,正在引起人类社会深刻的变化。其中尤以微型计算机的发展更为迅速。自1971年第一台微型机问世以来,现已进入第四代,平均3年左右就更新换代1次。它的应用已渗透到生产、科研和社会的各个领域,以致于家庭和个人之中。单是美国和日本,目前就有几百万套微型机系统和8000多个局部网络在运 The current world is facing a revolution in the development of science and technology. The emergence of a series of new technologies and new industries dominated by electronic computers is causing profound changes in human society. Especially in the development of microcomputers more rapidly. Since the first microchip was introduced in 1971, it has entered the fourth generation and has been renewed once every three years on average. Its application has penetrated into various fields of production, scientific research and society, so that it can be found in families and individuals. The United States and Japan alone have millions of microcomputers and more than 8,000 local networks in operation