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Objective To study the mechanism of gastric metaplasia in duodenum through the transplantation of a flap of duodenal wall with vascular pedicle to the stomach. Methods The pediculated duodenal wall flaps of Wistar rats were transplanted to their stomachs. The rats were killed at the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month after the operation respectively, and histological changes of the duodenal grafts were observed with optical and electron microscopy.Results Gastric metaplasia was found in the mucosa of duodenal grafts transplanted to the stomach at the 6th, 9th and 12th month.Conclusions The formation of gastric metaplasia in the duodenal mucosa may be related to a change of the microenvironment around the tissues, and duodenal mucosa may differentiate into gastric epithelium by the decrease of pH value.