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無論在戰時或平時,輸血常是急救上刻不容緩的治療。但輸血若有反應,不但得不了輸血的益處,有時還有害處,甚至有生命的危險。輸血可能發生的反應,主要計有五種。可以一種單獨或數種合併發生,茲將每種反應發生的原因、症狀、預防與治療的方法,介紹於後。 I.致熱質反應(Pyrogenic Reacti-ons) 甲、病原——此反應是由致熱質所引起。致熱質的來源,至今尚不明瞭。據猜想可能是細菌的一種産物。牠不能用熱消滅。所以消毒滅菌時所用的熱對牠並無影響。蒸溜水雖然用熱滅菌,但致熱質仍然可以存在。輸血用的抗凝溶液內,可能有牠存在,刷洗輸血器皿,如瓶、管、或針用的蒸溜水,也可能混進致熱質。在嚴重的細菌傳染疾患、癌症或血管栓塞,輸血後,因爲血量
In times of war or peace, blood transfusion is often an urgent first aid treatment. However, if blood transfusion responds, it will not only fail to benefit the blood transfusion, but may also be harmful and may even be life-threatening. There are five major possible reactions to transfusion. A single or several combinations can occur, the reasons for each reaction occurs, the symptoms, prevention and treatment methods are introduced later. I. Pyrogenic Reacti-ons A, Pathogen - This reaction is caused by pyrogenic. The source of pyrogenic quality is still unknown. It is supposed to be a product of bacteria. It can not be eliminated with heat. Therefore, the heat used in sterilization has no effect on it. Although distilled water is sterilized by heat, pyrogenic quality can still exist. Blood transfusion with anticoagulant solution, there may be its existence, brushing blood vessels, such as bottles, tubes, or needles of distilled water, may also be mixed into the pyrogen. In severe bacterial infections, cancer or vascular embolism, after blood transfusion, because of the amount of blood