一氧化氮在中枢神经系统中参与了多种生理功能 ,起着细胞间信息传导作用 ,其与吗啡依赖和耐受的关系越来越受到人们的重视。在一氧化氮 (NO)的合成过程中 ,一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)的活性起着决定性作用。实验发现 ,在吗啡依赖大鼠体内一氧化氮及合酶含量、活性明显降低 ,催促戒断后各指标迅速上升 ,而NOS抑制剂能显著抑制这些症状。这进一步证实NO参与了阿片类药物依赖和耐受的产生和发展 ,并且提示NOS抑制剂可用于阿片类药物脱瘾治疗。本文依据国内外文献对NO影响海洛因依赖戒断的原理及几种常见L -精氨酸衍生物NOS抑制剂在吗啡戒断综合征中的作用研究进展进行综述 ,为对NO以及NOS抑制剂作进一步的研究及临床应用提供依据 Nitric oxide is involved in a variety of physiological functions in the central nervous system and plays a role of information transmission between cells. Its relationship with morphine dependence and tolerance has drawn more and more attention. In the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) plays a decisive role. The experiment found that in morphine-dependent rats nitric oxide and synthase levels, activity was significantly reduced, urging each indicator increased rapidly after withdrawal, and NOS inhibitors can significantly inhibit these symptoms. This further confirms that NO participates in the generation and development of opioid dependence and tolerance, and suggests that NOS inhibitors can be used in the treatment of opioid withdrawal. Based on the literature review on the principle of NO affecting heroin withdrawal and the role of several common L - arginine derivatives NOS inhibitors in morphine withdrawal syndrome, this review summarizes the research progress of NO and NOS inhibitors Further research and clinical application provide the basis