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纵观近几年的几何光学考题,不难发现, 大都以折射现象为物理情景,在考查折射定律的同时,综合考查全反射、光的色散及光在介质中传播速度等知识．试题均以选项题的形式出现,并且基本上以光线传播的定性分析为主．解答这类考题的关键是根据折射定律,利用光线传播的特点画出光路图．如,垂直于介质平面的光线方向不变;经过平行玻璃砖时,出射光线和入射光线平行,只是可能发生侧移而偏离原方向;复色光通过不同的介质时发生色散现象,且折射率大的全反射临界角小;在相同条件
Looking at the geometrical optical examination questions in recent years, it is not difficult to find that most of them use the phenomenon of refraction as the physical scene. While examining the laws of refraction, we comprehensively examine the knowledge of total reflection, dispersion of light, and the speed of light propagation in the medium. The questions are presented in the form of option questions, and are basically based on the qualitative analysis of light propagation. The key to solving such questions is to draw the light path diagram according to the law of refraction using the characteristics of light propagation. For example, the direction of light perpendicular to the plane of the medium does not change; when parallel glass bricks are used, the emergent light and the incident light are parallel, but it may be shifted sideways from the original direction; dispersion occurs when the multicolored light passes through different media, and the refractive index is large. Total reflection critical angle is small; in the same condition