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小说与幽默的结合,根本原因在于二者在认知世界与人类自身方式上的相似性。昆德拉的幽默感,既承传了捷克民族幽默与随意的天性,又来自他对处于“极限悖谬”时期现代人类境况和命运的深思。“昆德拉式的幽默”除了揶揄、谐趣之外,更多的则是基于“诗性沉思”的自嘲和反讽。这种由睿智反讽、深沉感伤和冷峻怀疑交织而成的形而上幽默,被昆德拉有效地用来表达存在主题,并抗拒政治、道德等种种强制力量对人类自由精神的入侵。
The basic reason for the combination of novels and humor lies in the similarities between the two in the cognitive world and the human beings themselves. Kundera’s sense of humor inherits both the humor and the random nature of the Czech nation and his contemplation of the conditions and fate of the modern mankind in the period of “ultimate absurdity.” “Kundera-style humor ” In addition to coy, fun, more is based on “poetic contemplation ” self-deprecating and irony. This metaphysical humor, which is intertwined with wisdom, irony, deep sentiment and austere suspicion, was effectively used by Kundera to express the theme of existence and to resist the invasion of human freedom by various coercive forces such as politics and morality.