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采用自制的药芯焊丝在Q235钢表面通过明弧堆焊的方法制备Fe-Cr-C-B系堆焊合金。借助X射线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、洛氏硬度计和湿砂磨损试验机等试验手段进行分析检测,研究药芯焊丝中B元素添加量对堆焊金属焊缝成形、成分、显微组织和磨损性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着药芯焊丝中B添加量的增加,堆焊金属中B的含量增加,显微组织中初生奥氏体的数量减少,晶间碳化物和碳硼化物数量增多。当B元素含量为3%时,焊缝成形及堆焊层的硬度及耐磨损性达到最佳值,其硬度值为62.5 HRC,磨损量仅为0.3288 g;继续增加药芯焊丝中B元素的含量时,焊缝开裂严重并且耐磨性有所降低。
The self-made flux-cored wire was used to prepare Fe-Cr-C-B surfacing alloy by bright arc surfacing on the surface of Q235 steel. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Rockwell hardness tester and wet sand abrasion tester were used to analyze and test the content of B element in flux cored wire Weld formation, composition, microstructure and wear properties of the law. The results show that the amount of B in the surfacing metal increases with the increase of B content in the flux cored wire, the amount of primary austenite in the microstructure decreases, and the amount of intercrystalline carbides and carbides increases. When the content of B element is 3%, the hardness and wear resistance of the weld formation and surfacing layer reaches the best value, the hardness value is 62.5 HRC, the wear amount is only 0.3288 g; the B element in the flux cored wire When the content of weld cracking serious and wear resistance decreased.