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20世纪90年代以来,无论是从人口发展速度上,还是从社会发展水平上来说,东南亚国家都有了巨大变化。本文主要利用世界银行的数据,从人口红利的角度分析东南亚国家教育投资、健康保健、人口迁移等方面的投入政策,研究东南亚国家人力资本投资对经济增长的影响。研究结果表明,推出与本国经济发展相配套的教育改革方案,调整健康保健投资结构,解决流动人口和低收入家庭的住房问题可以促进经济的持续增长。东南亚国家通过对教育、健康保健、人力迁移等方面的投入措施促进经济增长的经验,对处于经济转型期的中国具有启示作用。
Since the 1990s, great changes have taken place in Southeast Asian countries both in terms of population growth rate and social development level. This paper mainly uses the World Bank data to analyze the investment policies of Southeast Asian countries in education investment, health care and population migration from the perspective of demographic dividend to study the impact of human capital investment in Southeast Asian countries on economic growth. The results show that the introduction of education reform programs that are compatible with the national economic development, the adjustment of the health care investment structure, and the housing problems of the floating population and low-income families can promote sustained economic growth. The experience of Southeast Asian countries in promoting economic growth through investment in education, health care and human resources migration has an enlightenment on China in its economic transition.