目的探讨中老年妇女骨质疏松症发病的主要危险因素。方法随机抽取45-80岁230例骨质疏松症妇女及272例非骨质疏松症妇女,对骨质疏松症危险因素进行分析。对一般情况、行为生活方式、现患疾病、既往史。经单因素分析有统计学意义的变量进一步作多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果年龄、绝经年限、非外伤性骨折史是骨质疏松症发病的危险因素(OR值>1);而饮用牛奶、经常晒太阳、适当的体重指数是骨质疏松症发病的保护性因素(OR值<1)。结论年龄、绝经、饮用牛奶、经常晒太阳、非外伤性骨折史、体重指数可能与骨质疏松症发病密切相关。 Objective To explore the main risk factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. Methods A total of 230 osteoporosis women aged 45-80 years and 272 non-osteoporosis women were randomly selected to analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis. On the general situation, behavioral lifestyle, current illness, past history. After univariate analysis of statistically significant variables further multi-factor non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results The age, menopause and history of non-traumatic fracture were the risk factors of osteoporosis (OR> 1). Drinking milk and regular sunburn, proper body mass index were the protective factors of osteoporosis OR value <1). Conclusion Age, menopause, drinking milk, regular sunburn, non-traumatic fracture history, body mass index may be closely related with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.