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目的探讨经皮肾输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗肾脏与输尿管上段结石的方法与疗效。方法采用经皮肾输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗上尿路结石310例。结果2004年3月至2007年12月,采用I期、Ⅱ期或分步经皮肾输尿管镜手术成功处理310例上尿路结石,其中包括鹿角型结石、多发性肾结石、孤立肾结石、ESWL(体外震动破碎石术)治疗失败、开放取石手术后复发、输尿管上段结石。肾结石清除率为91·28%,输尿管结石清除率为89·85%,且无严重手术并发症发生。结论经皮肾输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗上尿路结石具有微创、恢复快、并发症少、安全高效、结石清除率高的优点。
Objective To investigate the method and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotracheal lithotripsy in the treatment of upper ureter and upper ureteral calculi. Methods Percutaneous nephroureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy was used to treat 310 cases of upper urinary tract calculi. Results From March 2004 to December 2007, 310 cases of upper urinary tract stones were successfully treated with stage I, II or step percutaneous nephrolithotomy, including antlers, multiple kidney stones, solitary kidney stones, ESWL (Vibration Shock Lithotripsy) failed, open the stone surgery recurrence, the upper ureteral calculi. Nephrolithiasis clearance rate of 91.28%, ureteral stone clearance rate of 89.85%, and no serious surgical complications. Conclusion Percutaneous renal ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of upper urinary tract stones has the advantages of minimally invasive, rapid recovery, fewer complications, safe and efficient, high stone clearance rate.