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目的研究大豆皂甙对大鼠血脂及凝血功能的影响,探讨大豆皂甙对心脑血管疾病的作用。方法健康雄性SD大鼠48只,根据体重与血清胆固醇水平,将动物分为:正常饲料对照组、高脂模型组、阿司匹林(10mg/kg)组、大豆皂甙20、40和80mg/kg剂量组。对大鼠连续灌胃10周后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)以及凝血功能指标。结果大豆皂甙组与高脂模型组相比TC(高脂模型组2.19 mmol/L,大豆皂甙组分别为1.86、1.85和1.72mmol/L)、TG及LDL含量降低,HDL含量增高。与高脂模型组比较,阿司匹林组、大豆皂甙组活化部分凝血酶原时间(高脂模型组60.50s,阿司匹林组68.10s,大豆皂甙组分别为66.75s、67.33s、67.67s)、凝血酶原时间(高脂模型组13.15s、阿司匹林组18.00s、大豆皂甙组分别为17.00、17.43和18.43s)高于高脂模型组,血浆纤维蛋白原(高脂模型组2.51g/L,阿司匹林组2.18g/L,大豆皂甙组分别为2.29、2.25和2.10g/L)明显降低。结论大豆皂甙具有调节大鼠血脂,避免血流缓慢、血栓形成,有利于心脑血管疾病的防治。
Objective To study the effect of soybean saponin on blood lipid and coagulation function in rats and explore the effect of soybean saponin on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups according to body weight and serum cholesterol levels: normal control group, high fat model group, aspirin (10mg / kg) group, soyasaponins 20,40 and 80mg / kg dose group . Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and coagulation indexes were measured after continuous gavage for 10 weeks. Results TC (2.19 mmol / L in the model group and 1.86, 1.85 and 1.72 mmol / L in the soybean saponin group) were significantly lower in the soybean saponin group than those in the high fat model group. The content of TG and LDL decreased and the content of HDL increased. Compared with the high-fat model group, the prothrombin time (aspirin group, soyasaponin group prothrombin time (hypercholesterolemia model group 60.50s, aspirin group 68.10s, soyasaponin group were 66.75s, 67.33s, 67.67s, prothrombin (13.15s in the high-fat model group, 18.00s in the aspirin group, 17.003 in the soy saponin group and 18.43s in the soybean saponin group) were higher than those in the high fat model group (P <0.05). The plasma fibrinogen (2.51g / g / L, soyasaponins were 2.29,2.25 and 2.10g / L respectively). Conclusion Soyasaponin can regulate blood lipid in rats, avoid slow blood flow and thrombosis, and is good for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.