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目的 观察马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合垂体后叶注射液治疗产后出血的临床效果.方法 选取桐乡市妇幼保健院2016年4月至2018年7月治疗的产后出血患者68例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组34例、观察组34例,对照组采用垂体后叶注射液治疗,观察组采用马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合垂体后叶注射液治疗.比较两组用药后不同时间点出血量,两组止血时间、宫缩持续时间、子宫下降幅度、恶露持续时间及治疗前后血清炎性因子水平.结果 观察组用药后0.5 h、2 h、24 h出血量分别为(76.82±15.40)mL、(112.34±18.73)mL、(196.70±20.60)mL,均明显少于对照组的(147.38±17.65)mL、(198.49±19.37)mL、(283.74±21.56)mL(t=17.565、18.643、17.020,均P<0.05);观察组宫缩持续时间[(3.83±1.40)h]及子宫下降幅度[(6.25±0.93)cm]均优于对照组[(1.92±0.59)h、(4.65±0.66)cm],观察组止血时间[(21.29±3.60)min]及恶露持续时间[(17.19±4.67)d]均短于对照组[(42.28±3.85)min、(24.28±6.11)d],均差异有统计学意义(t=23.220、7.331、8.181、5.376,均P<0.05).治疗后,观察组一氧化氮、一氧化氮合酶、脑钠肽分别为(91.22±6.23)μmol/L、(24.56±2.46)μmol/L、(46.81±5.10)ng/L,均低于对照组的(98.63±7.51)μmol/L、(30.92±3.95)μmol/L、(90.35±4.66)ng/L,均差异有统计学意义(t=4.428、7.969、36.750,均P<0.05).结论 马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合垂体后叶注射液治疗产后出血的效果显著,可有效控制出血量,缩短止血时间,促进产后恢复.“,”Objective To investigate the clinical effect of ergometrine maleate injection combined with posterior pituitary injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.Methods From April 2016 to July 2018, 68 patients with postpartum hemorrhage treated in the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tongxiang were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table ,with 34 patients in each group .The control group was treated with posterior pituitary injection .The observation group was treated with ergometrine maleate injection combined with posterior pituitary injection .The bleeding volume at different time points after treatment was compared between the two groups .The hemostasis time, the duration of uterine contraction , the extent of uterine decline,the duration of lochia and serum cytokines levels before and after treatment were compared .Results The bleeding amount at 0.5 h,2 h,24 h after administration in the observation group were (76.82 ±15.40) mL,(112.34 ± 18.73) mL and (196.70 ±20.60) mL,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(147.38 ±17.65),(198.49 ±19.37) mL,(283.74 ±21.56) mL](t=17.565,18.643,17.020,all P<0.05). The duration of contractions[(3.83 ±1.40) h] and the extent of uterine decline[(6.25 ±0.93) cm] in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group [(1.92 ±0.59) h,(4.65 ±0.66) cm],and the hemostasis time[(21.29 ±3.60) min] and duration of lochia [(17.19 ±4.67) d] in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group[(42.28 ±3.85) min,(24.28 ±6.11) d](t=23.220,7.331, 8.181,5.376,all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of nitrogen monoxide (NO)[(91.22 ±6.23)μmol/L], nitric oxide synthase (NOS)[(24.56 ±2.46)μmol/L],brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)[(46.81 ±5.10)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(98.63 ±7.51)μmol/L,(30.92 ±3.95)μmol/L, (90.35 ±4.66)ng/L],and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.428,7.969,36.750,all P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of ergometrine maleate injection combined with posterior pituitary injection on postpartum hemorrhage is effective , which can effectively control the amount of bleeding , shorten the time of hemostasis and promote postpartum recovery .