内应力决定着结构、工具和其它用途陶瓷的机械性能及使用性能。以难熔化合物(Si_3N_4,SiC,B_4C等)为基体的陶瓷材料大多数是多相的。在这些材料中沿其晶界通常显露出X射线非晶质或晶质的晶界层,它们的组织状态及成分决定着热内应力的松弛程度和分布特点,材料中产生热内应力是在材料从烧结温度冷却时,由于不同相的热膨胀系数α不同及相变等其它因素所致。目前对内应力松弛状态研究不够,因此利 Internal stress determines the structure, tools and other uses of ceramic mechanical properties and performance. Most of the ceramic materials based on refractory compounds (Si_3N_4, SiC, B_4C, etc.) are heterogeneous. In these materials, X-ray amorphous or crystalline grain boundary layers are usually revealed along their grain boundaries. Their microstructure and composition determine the degree of relaxation and distribution of thermal internal stress. The thermal internal stress in the material is between Material from the sintering temperature cooling, due to the different phase of the thermal expansion coefficient α and phase change and other factors. The current state of stress relaxation is not enough, so Lee